# The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance > Bridge the gap between clinical science and everyday decisions by providing accessible, accurate, and unbiased information --- ## Pages - [Lifestyle & Nutrition Strategies for Weight Management](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/): Introduction GLP-1 medications can significantly reduce appetite and improve metabolic health. But long-term weight management success depends on lifestyle changes... - [Healthy Eating Guidelines for Weight Management](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/healthy-eating-guidelines-for-weight-management/): Introduction Whether you’re on a GLP-1 receptor agonist or pursuing weight loss through lifestyle changes alone, healthy eating habits form... - [Meal Planning & Nutrition Tips](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/meal-planning-nutrition-tips/): Introduction Meal planning can simplify your week, reduce food waste, and help you maintain a nutrient-rich diet while using GLP-1... - [Physical Activity & Exercise](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/physical-activity-exercise/): Why Exercise Matters with GLP-1 Therapy GLP-1 receptor agonists help reduce appetite and support weight loss, but regular physical activity... - [Behavioral Strategies & Support](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/behavioral-strategies-support/): Introduction Weight management isn’t just about what you eat or how often you exercise—it’s also about how you think, feel,... - [Managing Side Effects via Diet](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/managing-side-effects-via-diet/): Introduction GLP-1 receptor agonists can cause gastrointestinal side effects as your body adjusts to slower digestion and reduced appetite. Fortunately,... - [Weight Maintenance & Long-Term Success](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/weight-maintenance-long-term-success/): Introduction Weight maintenance can be more challenging than losing weight. After reaching a goal weight—whether through GLP-1 medications, lifestyle changes,... - [Pediatric & Adolescent Use of GLP-1 Therapy](https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/): Introduction The growing prevalence of obesity and Type 2 diabetes among youth has prompted interest in extending GLP-1 therapies—originally approved... - [GLP-1 for Adolescent Obesity (Ages 12–17)](https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/glp-1-for-adolescent-obesity-ages-12-17/): Overview Obesity in adolescents is a growing public health concern, affecting nearly 1 in 5 youth in the United States.... - [GLP-1 for Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes](https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/glp-1-for-pediatric-type-2-diabetes/): Overview Type 2 diabetes, once considered an adult-onset condition, is increasingly diagnosed in children and adolescents. These cases often progress... - [Safety & Efficacy in Young Populations](https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/safety-efficacy-in-young-populations/): Introduction As GLP-1 receptor agonists gain approval for use in younger populations, it’s essential to understand their safety profile, effectiveness,... - [Family Involvement & Lifestyle Support](https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/family-involvement-lifestyle-support/): Why Family Involvement Matters Children and adolescents rely heavily on their families for emotional support, food environment, physical activity opportunities,... - [Nutritional Supplementation During & After GLP-1 Therapy](https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/): Why Supplementation Matters GLP-1 receptor agonists significantly reduce appetite and food intake, which can lead to unintended deficiencies in essential... - [Essential Vitamins & Minerals for GLP-1 Users](https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/essential-vitamins-minerals-for-glp-1-users/): Why Micronutrients Matter on GLP-1 Therapy GLP-1 receptor agonists suppress appetite and slow digestion, leading to reduced food intake. While... - [Supplement Recommendations & Cautions for GLP-1 Users](https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/supplement-recommendations-cautions-for-glp-1-users/): Recommended Supplements Due to reduced appetite and food intake, individuals on GLP-1 medications may benefit from targeted supplementation. Below are... - [After GLP-1 Therapy – Post-Treatment Nutrition and Maintenance](https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/after-glp-1-therapy-post-treatment-nutrition-and-maintenance/): Why Post-Treatment Nutrition Matters Once GLP-1 medications are stopped, appetite may return and weight regain is common without structured strategies... - [ACGNG Nutritional Supplementation Guide for GLP-1 Users](https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/acgng-nutritional-supplementation-guide-for-glp-1-users/): The following guide is also available for download in a PDF version: Click here to download the ACGNG Nutritional Supplementation... - [Research & News: The Latest on GLP-1](https://acgng.org/research-news-the-latest-on-glp-1/): At the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG), we are committed to bringing you timely, credible, and research-backed updates... - [Latest Research Updates on GLP-1](https://acgng.org/research-news-the-latest-on-glp-1/latest-research-updates-on-glp-1/): GLP-1 receptor agonists have become a central topic in obesity and diabetes research. This page provides digestible summaries of recent... - [Scientific News & Developments](https://acgng.org/research-news-the-latest-on-glp-1/scientific-news-developments/): Stay informed with the most important news and regulatory updates surrounding GLP-1 therapies. This section covers FDA approvals, updated clinical... - [For Healthcare Professionals](https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/): Explore GLP-1 clinical resources for healthcare providers, including dosing guidelines, patient selection tools, side effect management, and continuing education. - [Clinical Guidelines & Best Practices](https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/clinical-guidelines-best-practices/): This page provides up-to-date clinical guidance for the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of obesity, type 2... - [Dosage & Administration Protocols for GLP-1 Therapies](https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/dosage-administration-protocols-for-glp-1-therapies/): This guide outlines approved dosing schedules, titration protocols, and administration guidance for commonly prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonist medications. These protocols... - [Patient Selection & Management](https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/patient-selection-management/): Appropriate patient selection and structured follow-up are essential to successful GLP-1 therapy outcomes. This page outlines clinical criteria for initiating... - [Side Effect Management](https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/side-effect-management/): Gastrointestinal (GI) side effects are the most common adverse events associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists. Effective management and proactive counseling... - [Professional Education & Events](https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/professional-education-events/): The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) is committed to providing continuing education and professional development opportunities for healthcare... - [Insurance & Access Resources](https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/insurance-access-resources/): Access to GLP-1 medications can be challenging due to high costs, insurance limitations, and prior authorization requirements. This page provides... - [GLP-1 vs. Other Weight Loss Treatments](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/vs-other-treatments/): Compare GLP-1 receptor agonists with other weight loss methods—including lifestyle changes, bariatric surgery, and alternative medications—to understand the benefits, limitations, and suitability of each option. - [Exenatide (Byetta, Bydureon)](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/exenatide-byetta-bydureon/): What Is Exenatide? Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and,... - [Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda)](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/liraglutide-victoza-saxenda/): What Is Liraglutide? Liraglutide is a synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the body’s natural incretin hormone to regulate appetite,... - [Dulaglutide (Trulicity)](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/dulaglutide-trulicity/): What Is Dulaglutide? Dulaglutide is a once-weekly injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for adults and children aged 10 and older... - [Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus)](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/semaglutide-ozempic-wegovy-rybelsus/): What Is Semaglutide? Semaglutide is a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 to regulate blood sugar,... - [Lixisenatide (Adlyxin)](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/lixisenatide-adlyxin/): What Is Lixisenatide? Lixisenatide is a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist developed for improving glycemic control in people with type 2... - [Tirzepatide (Zepbound, Mounjaro)](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/tirzepatide-zepbound-mounjaro/): What Is Tirzepatide? Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injectable medication that activates both the GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors.... - [Most Popular GLP-1 Medications](https://acgng.org/most-popular-glp-1-medications/): Explore the most widely used GLP-1 receptor agonists currently prescribed for diabetes and weight management, with a focus on their efficacy, availability, and clinical uses. - [GLP-1 Basics](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/): Welcome to the GLP-1 Basics Hub GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating blood... - [What is GLP-1?](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/what-is-glp-1/): An introduction to GLP-1, the naturally occurring hormone that plays a vital role in appetite regulation, insulin secretion, and metabolic health. Learn how it works and why it’s key to modern weight loss and diabetes treatments. - [How GLP-1 Works](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/how-glp-1-works/): Table of Contents Introduction GLP-1 is a hormone secreted naturally by the intestines in response to eating. It acts on... - [GLP-1 Medications](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/glp-1-medications/): Table of Contents Overview GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of medications that mimic the action of the natural GLP-1... - [Side Effects of GLP-1 Medications](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/side-effects/): Table of Contents Overview GLP-1 medications are generally well tolerated, but like all treatments, they come with the potential for... - [GLP-1 Medication Profiles by Active Ingredient](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/): Get an in-depth look at each GLP-1 receptor agonist by its active ingredient. This guide outlines how each medication works, its medical uses, dosing, and potential side effects. - [Indications & Eligibility for GLP-1 Therapy](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/eligibility/): Table of Contents Overview GLP-1 receptor agonists are approved by the FDA for two primary conditions: type 2 diabetes and... - [Comparing GLP-1 Medications](https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/comparisons/): A side-by-side comparison of the most commonly prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonists. Review differences in efficacy, dosing schedules, delivery methods, and key considerations for choosing the right option. - [Privacy Policy](https://acgng.org/privacy-policy/): Who we are Effective Date: June 2025 ACGNG. org is committed to protecting your privacy. This policy explains what information... - [Contact us:](https://acgng.org/contact/): We’re Here to Help At the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG), we welcome your questions, suggestions, and feedback.... - [About the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG)](https://acgng.org/about/): Learn about the mission, vision, and purpose behind ACGNG, the leading independent resource for GLP-1 education and nutritional guidance in the United States. - [Mission & Vision](https://acgng.org/about/mission-and-vision/): Discover the purpose and guiding principles of the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) and how we aim to support individuals on their journey toward healthier lives through science-based GLP-1 education. - [Organization Overview – The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG)](https://acgng.org/about/organization-overview/): ACGNG is an independent, non-commercial initiative dedicated to educating the public and healthcare community about GLP-1 therapies, weight management, and nutritional guidance. - [](https://acgng.org/): At the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG), we believe informed choices lead to healthier outcomes. Whether you’re considering... --- ## Posts - [Hello world!](https://52.72.227.135/2025/06/20/hello-world/): Welcome to WordPress. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start writing! --- # # Detailed Content ## Pages - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/ Introduction GLP-1 medications can significantly reduce appetite and improve metabolic health. But long-term weight management success depends on lifestyle changes that support your body’s needs. This guide covers the key strategies for sustainable weight loss and wellness. Nutrition Fundamentals Prioritize Protein: Aim for 20–30g per meal to preserve lean muscle mass and promote satiety. Eat Fiber-Rich Foods: Choose vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and fruits to support digestion and blood sugar balance. Choose Healthy Fats: Include sources like olive oil, avocado, nuts, and fatty fish for satiety and cardiovascular support. Reduce Processed Carbs & Sugars: Limit refined breads, sweets, and sugary drinks that can trigger blood sugar spikes and cravings. Portion Control & Meal Timing Use smaller plates or divided containers to prevent overeating during periods of reduced hunger. Plan 3 balanced meals per day; some individuals may prefer 2 meals depending on appetite. Monitor fullness cues and stop eating when satisfied—not stuffed. Exercise & Physical Activity Aerobic Activity: 150+ minutes per week of moderate-intensity (e. g. , brisk walking, cycling). Strength Training: 2+ sessions per week to preserve muscle during weight loss. NEAT: Increase non-exercise activity thermogenesis (e. g. , standing, walking, chores) throughout the day. Behavioral Habits Set SMART Goals: Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, Time-bound. Track Progress: Log meals, weight, or moods using apps or journals. Build a Support Network: Connect with peers, family, or groups to stay accountable. Manage Stress: Use mindfulness, meditation, or cognitive-behavioral strategies to reduce emotional eating. Hydration & Sleep Drink 8–10 cups of water... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/healthy-eating-guidelines-for-weight-management/ Introduction Whether you're on a GLP-1 receptor agonist or pursuing weight loss through lifestyle changes alone, healthy eating habits form the foundation of long-term success. These guidelines offer a practical framework for building meals that support satiety, metabolic health, and sustained energy levels. Components of a Balanced Plate Lean Protein (1/4 plate): Supports muscle maintenance, fullness, and metabolic rate. Sources include poultry, fish, eggs, tofu, beans, Greek yogurt. Non-Starchy Vegetables (1/2 plate): Low in calories and high in fiber and micronutrients. Examples: spinach, broccoli, zucchini, carrots, peppers. Whole Grains or Starchy Veggies (1/4 plate): Offer fiber and slow-digesting carbs. Choose brown rice, quinoa, oats, sweet potatoes, legumes. Healthy Fats (small portions): Include avocado, nuts, seeds, olive oil. These enhance flavor and absorption of fat-soluble vitamins. Meal Frequency & Portion Control Eat 2–3 balanced meals per day, based on your hunger and medication response. Use smaller plates and mindful eating techniques to avoid overeating. Stop eating when comfortably full, even if food remains on the plate. Macronutrient Goals Protein: 0. 8–1. 2g per kg body weight daily (higher during weight loss or physical activity). Fiber: At least 25g per day for women, 30–38g for men. Carbohydrates: Emphasize complex, low-glycemic sources to maintain energy and prevent sugar spikes. Fats: Focus on mono- and polyunsaturated fats; limit saturated and trans fats. Hydration Tips Aim for 8–10 cups of water per day, especially if appetite is reduced. Include fluids between meals, not just during, to avoid filling up too quickly. Limit sugar-sweetened beverages and... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/meal-planning-nutrition-tips/ Introduction Meal planning can simplify your week, reduce food waste, and help you maintain a nutrient-rich diet while using GLP-1 medications. The key is to focus on whole foods, balance your macronutrients, and keep portions appropriate to your appetite. Core Principles of Nutrition-Forward Meal Planning Build around protein: Include lean protein in every meal to maintain muscle and curb hunger. Fill half your plate with non-starchy vegetables: They're low in calories but high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. Smart carbs: Choose whole grains, legumes, or starchy vegetables for sustained energy and fullness. Healthy fats in moderation: A small amount of avocado, nuts, seeds, or olive oil adds flavor and promotes satiety. Portion Control Tips Use measuring cups or a food scale when prepping meals for better portion awareness. Listen to your body’s hunger and fullness signals—stop eating when satisfied, not stuffed. Pre-portion snacks (like nuts, fruit, yogurt) in small containers to prevent overeating. Use smaller plates and bowls to help control visual cues that influence how much we eat. Sample Daily Meal Plan (1,500–1,600 calories) Breakfast 2 scrambled eggs with spinach and tomato 1 slice whole grain toast with 1 tsp avocado 1 small apple Lunch Grilled chicken breast (3–4 oz) Mixed greens salad with olive oil & vinegar dressing 1/2 cup quinoa or brown rice Snack Greek yogurt (unsweetened) with 1 tbsp chia seeds and berries Dinner Baked salmon (4 oz) Steamed broccoli and roasted sweet potato (1/2 cup each) Meal Prep Suggestions Batch cook proteins (chicken, tofu, fish)... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/physical-activity-exercise/ Why Exercise Matters with GLP-1 Therapy GLP-1 receptor agonists help reduce appetite and support weight loss, but regular physical activity provides additional benefits that medications alone can't achieve. These include better insulin sensitivity, muscle preservation, cardiovascular health, and mental well-being. Exercise Recommendations Aerobic Activity: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week (e. g. , brisk walking, swimming, dancing, cycling). Strength Training: Include resistance training exercises 2 or more days per week targeting all major muscle groups (e. g. , squats, push-ups, weight machines, resistance bands). Flexibility & Balance: Incorporate stretching, yoga, or tai chi 1–2 times per week to enhance mobility and reduce injury risk. Everyday Movement (NEAT): Increase non-exercise activity thermogenesis with walking, household chores, gardening, and standing periodically if sedentary. How to Start Safely Begin slowly—especially if new to exercise—and build up duration and intensity gradually. Choose enjoyable activities to improve consistency. Stay hydrated and listen to your body, especially early in GLP-1 therapy when fatigue or nausea may occur. Talk to your healthcare provider before starting a new fitness regimen, especially if you have joint issues, heart disease, or diabetes. Sample Weekly Exercise Plan Monday: 30-minute walk + 10 minutes light stretching Tuesday: Strength training (bodyweight or gym-based) Wednesday: Rest or yoga Thursday: 30-minute cycling or swimming Friday: Strength training + short walk Saturday: Hike, long walk, or group class Sunday: Rest or low-intensity movement Tips for Success Track progress with an activity log or wearable device. Set achievable goals—focus on consistency... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/behavioral-strategies-support/ Introduction Weight management isn’t just about what you eat or how often you exercise—it’s also about how you think, feel, and make daily choices. Behavioral strategies provide the foundation for long-term change, helping to overcome challenges and stay motivated during your GLP-1 journey. Why Behavior Change Matters Medications support physical changes—but sustained success requires new routines and thought patterns. Addressing emotional eating, stress, and lifestyle habits builds resilience and prevents weight regain. Positive behaviors can improve quality of life and promote a healthy relationship with food and self-image. Key Behavioral Strategies Set SMART Goals: Goals should be Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound. Example: “Walk for 20 minutes after lunch 4 times this week. ” Track Your Habits: Use journals or apps to monitor food intake, emotions, activity, and sleep patterns. Practice Mindful Eating: Slow down during meals, eliminate distractions, and tune into hunger and fullness cues. Address Emotional Eating: Identify triggers like stress, boredom, or loneliness and find non-food coping strategies (journaling, calling a friend, going for a walk). Reward Progress: Celebrate non-scale victories (e. g. , better sleep, improved energy, consistent habits) without using food as a reward. Mental Health Considerations Watch for signs of depression, anxiety, or disordered eating patterns. These may require professional support. GLP-1 therapy may impact mood or energy levels—report any concerning symptoms to your provider. Self-compassion is critical: Focus on progress, not perfection, and treat yourself with kindness during setbacks. Building a Support Network Share goals with family or friends who can support... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/managing-side-effects-via-diet/ Introduction GLP-1 receptor agonists can cause gastrointestinal side effects as your body adjusts to slower digestion and reduced appetite. Fortunately, specific dietary changes can ease discomfort and support a smoother transition. Common Side Effects Addressed by Diet Nausea Constipation Bloating and gas Loss of appetite Heartburn or reflux Tips for Managing Nausea Eat small, frequent meals throughout the day. Choose bland, low-fat foods such as toast, crackers, rice, applesauce, or bananas. Avoid greasy, spicy, or very sweet foods early in treatment. Stay upright after eating—avoid lying down for at least 30 minutes. Ginger tea, peppermint, or lemon water may soothe mild nausea naturally. Tips for Relieving Constipation Increase fiber intake gradually: include oats, chia seeds, leafy greens, beans, and whole grains. Stay hydrated—aim for at least 8–10 cups of water per day. Consider adding a magnesium citrate or fiber supplement with guidance from your provider. Move your body: regular walking or gentle stretching can stimulate digestion. Managing Bloating & Gas Eat slowly and chew food thoroughly to reduce swallowed air. Avoid carbonated beverages, gum, and high-fat meals. Limit foods known to cause gas such as cabbage, beans, and artificial sweeteners. Boosting Appetite Strategically Start meals with protein and vegetables to ensure nutritional intake when eating less overall. Use smoothies with added protein and healthy fats if whole meals are difficult to eat. Set meal reminders to avoid skipping meals unintentionally. Tips for Reducing Heartburn Avoid high-fat and fried foods that delay stomach emptying. Eat at least 2–3 hours before bedtime.... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/weight-maintenance-long-term-success/ Introduction Weight maintenance can be more challenging than losing weight. After reaching a goal weight—whether through GLP-1 medications, lifestyle changes, or both—ongoing support and consistent habits are essential to keep the weight off and protect your long-term health. Key Principles for Long-Term Weight Maintenance Consistency Over Perfection: Prioritize long-term routines rather than short-term intensity. Stay committed to daily habits, even when progress feels slow. Self-Monitoring: Continue tracking weight, measurements, food intake, and physical activity to stay aware of trends and prevent regain. Flexible Eating Patterns: Allow room for enjoyment and variety without returning to old habits. Use the 80/20 rule: 80% whole, nutritious foods; 20% flexibility. Sleep & Stress: Manage stress and prioritize sleep—both affect metabolism, hunger hormones, and mood regulation. Maintain Physical Activity Aim for at least 200–300 minutes of moderate exercise per week for weight maintenance, as recommended by the National Weight Control Registry. Include a mix of cardio, resistance training, and flexibility exercises. Find activities you enjoy—consistency is more important than intensity. Nutrition Habits That Last Continue eating regular meals with lean protein, fiber, and healthy fats. Limit highly processed foods that may trigger overeating. Drink enough water and limit sugary drinks and alcohol. Plan meals and snacks in advance to avoid impulsive choices. Mindset & Motivation Celebrate non-scale victories—energy, confidence, stamina, lab improvements. Accept that occasional setbacks are normal—what matters most is getting back on track. Stay connected with a support system or community that shares your health goals. When to Consider Ongoing GLP-1 Use Some... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/ Introduction The growing prevalence of obesity and Type 2 diabetes among youth has prompted interest in extending GLP-1 therapies—originally approved for adults—into pediatric populations. While still relatively new in this age group, research and regulatory approvals are rapidly evolving to reflect these needs. Why Pediatric Use Is Being Explored Childhood obesity has tripled over the past four decades in the United States. Early-onset Type 2 diabetes is increasing, with more aggressive disease progression than adult-onset cases. Standard lifestyle interventions (diet, physical activity) may not always be enough to reverse these conditions in youth. GLP-1 receptor agonists offer a pharmacological option to support behavior change, appetite regulation, and metabolic improvement. FDA Approvals and Age Considerations Liraglutide (Saxenda): Approved for chronic weight management in adolescents aged 12–17 with obesity. Semaglutide (Wegovy): Approved in 2022 for adolescents 12 and older for chronic weight management. Exenatide: May be used in pediatric Type 2 diabetes as young as 10 years of age in specific clinical scenarios. Special Considerations for Youth Younger individuals may respond differently to medications due to metabolic, hormonal, and developmental factors. Close monitoring for side effects, growth parameters, and nutritional adequacy is essential. Psychological support and family involvement are crucial for long-term success. What Will Be Covered in This Section Overview of GLP-1 therapy in children and adolescents Use of GLP-1 medications for adolescent obesity (ages 12–17) Use of GLP-1s in pediatric Type 2 diabetes (ages 10+) Research and safety data in younger populations The importance of family and lifestyle integration References... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/glp-1-for-adolescent-obesity-ages-12-17/ Overview Obesity in adolescents is a growing public health concern, affecting nearly 1 in 5 youth in the United States. When lifestyle interventions such as diet and exercise are not enough, pharmacological therapies like GLP-1 receptor agonists are increasingly being considered as part of a comprehensive treatment strategy. FDA-Approved Medications for Adolescent Obesity Liraglutide (Saxenda): Approved for chronic weight management in adolescents aged 12–17 with a body weight ≥60 kg and BMI ≥95th percentile for age and sex. Semaglutide (Wegovy): Approved in 2022 for adolescents aged 12+ with obesity or overweight plus a weight-related condition. Demonstrated an average weight reduction of ~16% in clinical trials. Indications for Treatment GLP-1 medications may be considered for adolescents who: Have a BMI ≥95th percentile (obesity) or ≥120% of the 95th percentile (severe obesity) Fail to achieve significant weight loss with behavioral interventions alone Have weight-related comorbidities such as prediabetes, hypertension, or dyslipidemia Dosing & Monitoring Dosing for adolescents typically mirrors adult protocols but is adjusted based on tolerance and side effects. Initiation often starts with a low dose, gradually titrated upward. Regular monitoring of growth, pubertal development, and lab values (e. g. , glucose, lipids) is essential. Safety & Tolerability Common side effects: nausea, vomiting, constipation, fatigue, and headache. Serious but rare risks: pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, thyroid tumors (in rodent studies). Adolescents should be counseled on how to manage gastrointestinal effects and the importance of adherence. Support & Behavioral Counseling Family involvement enhances adherence and lifestyle change. Behavioral therapy is a cornerstone of... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/glp-1-for-pediatric-type-2-diabetes/ Overview Type 2 diabetes, once considered an adult-onset condition, is increasingly diagnosed in children and adolescents. These cases often progress more rapidly than in adults and are more resistant to lifestyle-only interventions. GLP-1 therapies offer a promising treatment option for improving blood glucose control in youth. Approved GLP-1 Medications for Pediatric Diabetes Liraglutide (Victoza): Approved by the FDA in 2019 for children aged 10 and older with Type 2 diabetes. Exenatide (Byetta): Used off-label in some pediatric studies, though not FDA-approved for pediatric use. Semaglutide (Ozempic, Rybelsus): Currently not approved for pediatric diabetes but undergoing clinical research. Indications & Treatment Goals GLP-1 medications are typically used in youth with: Inadequate glycemic control despite lifestyle changes and metformin Evidence of insulin resistance and high BMI Family history of diabetes and metabolic syndrome Dosing & Monitoring Pediatric dosing starts at a lower level and is gradually increased based on tolerability and efficacy. Ongoing monitoring includes HbA1c, fasting glucose, weight, and liver/kidney function tests. Close follow-up is essential to address adherence and manage side effects. Benefits Observed in Youth Improved blood sugar control (lower HbA1c levels) Potential weight loss or prevention of weight gain Positive impact on cardiovascular risk factors (lipids, blood pressure) Safety & Considerations Most side effects are mild GI symptoms (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea). There is a need for additional long-term safety data in children. Providers should assess psychosocial readiness and family support before starting GLP-1 therapy. References Tamborlane WV et al. “Liraglutide in Children and Adolescents with Type 2 Diabetes.... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/safety-efficacy-in-young-populations/ Introduction As GLP-1 receptor agonists gain approval for use in younger populations, it's essential to understand their safety profile, effectiveness, and long-term implications. Pediatric physiology and development require careful evaluation when introducing pharmacologic therapies. What the Research Shows Clinical trials have demonstrated significant reductions in BMI and improvements in metabolic markers with GLP-1 use in adolescents. Adolescents generally tolerate these medications well, with side effects similar to those in adults. Ongoing trials continue to evaluate long-term effects on growth, puberty, and cardiovascular health. Regulatory Approvals Liraglutide (Saxenda): FDA-approved for adolescents 12+ with obesity since 2020. Semaglutide (Wegovy): FDA-approved for adolescents 12+ with chronic weight management needs since 2022. Liraglutide (Victoza): FDA-approved for children 10+ with Type 2 diabetes. Safety Considerations Common side effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, and decreased appetite. Monitoring for rare but serious adverse events, such as pancreatitis and gallbladder issues, is necessary. GLP-1s are contraindicated in patients with a family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2). Impact on Growth & Development To date, no negative impact on linear growth or pubertal progression has been reported in clinical trials. Close monitoring remains essential, especially during periods of rapid growth. Long-Term Data Still Needed While short- to medium-term data are encouraging, large-scale, long-term studies are still ongoing to evaluate the full safety profile in youth, including potential effects on: Bone health and mineralization Neurodevelopmental outcomes Weight trajectory into adulthood References Kelly AS et al. “Safety, Tolerability, and Efficacy of GLP-1... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/pediatric-adolescent-use-of-glp-1-therapy/family-involvement-lifestyle-support/ Why Family Involvement Matters Children and adolescents rely heavily on their families for emotional support, food environment, physical activity opportunities, and adherence to medical treatment. Studies consistently show that family-based approaches enhance the success of pediatric obesity and diabetes interventions, including those involving GLP-1 medications. Ways Families Can Support GLP-1 Therapy Shared Goals: Establish household goals for healthy eating, physical activity, and screen time reduction. Meal Planning: Involve the child in grocery shopping, cooking, and learning about nutrition. Consistent Routines: Set regular meal and activity times to create predictability and structure. Positive Reinforcement: Encourage progress without shaming setbacks. Praise effort over outcome. Medication Adherence: Help track doses and follow titration schedules. Watch for side effects together. Creating a Supportive Home Environment Limit availability of sugary drinks and ultra-processed snacks. Designate screen-free zones or family activity times (e. g. , after dinner walks). Prioritize family meals and involve everyone in choosing balanced dishes. Promote restful sleep with consistent bedtime routines. When to Involve Other Professionals Family support can be further strengthened with help from professionals: Registered Dietitian: For individualized nutrition plans. Pediatric Psychologist: For behavioral modification, motivation, and emotional support. Exercise Specialist: For fun, age-appropriate activity plans. School Nurse/Staff: To coordinate care and provide encouragement during the school day. Family Success Stories Families that work together often see improved health across multiple generations. When parents model healthy behaviors and collaborate with their child’s care plan, the odds of long-term success increase dramatically. References Epstein LH et al. “Family-Based Behavior Modification in... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/ Why Supplementation Matters GLP-1 receptor agonists significantly reduce appetite and food intake, which can lead to unintended deficiencies in essential nutrients. Even when used alongside a balanced diet, reduced caloric intake and altered digestion may compromise the body’s access to critical vitamins, minerals, and macronutrients. Supplementation plays an important role in preventing nutritional gaps that could undermine health outcomes or lead to long-term issues. Common Nutrient Concerns with GLP-1 Use Vitamin B12: At risk due to decreased dietary intake and potential malabsorption. Vitamin D: Frequently deficient even in the general population; may worsen with low intake. Iron: Especially a concern for menstruating individuals or those with very low caloric intake. Calcium & Magnesium: Essential for bone and muscle health, often under-consumed. Protein & Fiber: Reduced appetite may lead to insufficient intake of these key components for satiety, metabolism, and gut health. When to Start Supplementation Proactively, alongside GLP-1 initiation, especially if calorie intake is expected to drop significantly. In response to lab-detected deficiencies or symptoms like fatigue, hair thinning, or muscle loss. Post-therapy, as appetite may return faster than nutrient quality improves—supplements support transition. Supplement Types Multivitamins: Daily coverage of basic micronutrient needs. Protein supplements: Powders or ready-to-drink options to help meet daily protein targets. Targeted nutrients: B12, Vitamin D3, Iron, Magnesium, Calcium Citrate, etc. Fiber supplements: Soluble fiber to aid digestion, manage blood sugar, and support gut health. Importance of Medical Guidance Supplementation should always be guided by a healthcare professional, including lab testing when possible. Over-supplementation or incorrect... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/essential-vitamins-minerals-for-glp-1-users/ Why Micronutrients Matter on GLP-1 Therapy GLP-1 receptor agonists suppress appetite and slow digestion, leading to reduced food intake. While this supports weight loss, it can also lower intake of essential nutrients. Inadequate levels of vitamins and minerals can lead to fatigue, weakened immunity, hair thinning, and other health issues. Prioritizing key nutrients is essential for supporting metabolic health and overall well-being. Key Vitamins to Monitor Vitamin B12: Critical for energy, red blood cells, and nerve health. Low intake and altered absorption make deficiency a risk. Supplementation often needed. Vitamin D: Supports immunity, mood, and bone health. Commonly deficient, especially in individuals with higher body fat or limited sun exposure. Folate (Vitamin B9): Supports red blood cell formation and DNA synthesis. Often paired with B12 in supplementation. Vitamin A: Important for skin, vision, and immune function. Found in liver, carrots, and leafy greens. Vitamin C: Essential for healing, antioxidant protection, and iron absorption. Important Minerals Iron: At risk when red meat intake decreases. Deficiency can lead to fatigue and anemia, especially in menstruating women. Calcium: Essential for bones, especially when calorie intake is low. Calcium citrate is preferred for better absorption without food. Magnesium: Supports muscle, nerve function, and blood sugar regulation. Often low in those with poor intake or high stress. Zinc: Plays a role in wound healing, immune support, and taste perception. Intake may drop with reduced meat and grains. Potassium: Supports heart rhythm and muscle contraction. Found in fruits, vegetables, and dairy. Signs of Deficiency to Watch... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/supplement-recommendations-cautions-for-glp-1-users/ Recommended Supplements Due to reduced appetite and food intake, individuals on GLP-1 medications may benefit from targeted supplementation. Below are key supplements with clinical support: Multivitamin with Iron: Covers general micronutrient gaps. Choose one with B12, D3, and iron. Vitamin B12: Sublingual, oral, or intramuscular options. Especially important for vegetarians or those with fatigue or neurological symptoms. Vitamin D3: Often dosed at 1,000–2,000 IU/day. Check serum levels before supplementing long-term. Iron: 18–30 mg elemental iron, taken separately from calcium for best absorption. Use if menstruating or low ferritin. Calcium Citrate: 500–600 mg doses, ideally twice daily. Supports bones and absorption is less dependent on stomach acid. Magnesium: 250–400 mg/day to support muscles, digestion, and bowel regularity. Protein Powder: Whey, soy, or plant-based options help meet protein targets when food intake is low. Fiber Supplement: Psyllium husk or inulin for digestive health and satiety support. Supplements to Use with Caution Fat Blockers (e. g. , orlistat): May reduce absorption of fat-soluble vitamins and cause GI issues. Stimulants: Caffeine-based fat burners may increase nausea or interact with GLP-1 drugs. Unregulated weight loss products: Avoid supplements with proprietary blends or ingredients not backed by clinical data. Calcium carbonate: Less bioavailable than calcium citrate and can cause constipation. High-dose iron: Can cause nausea or interfere with other minerals if not medically indicated. Personalized Supplementation Tips Base supplement needs on lab results when possible (e. g. , ferritin, B12, 25-OH vitamin D). Split doses of calcium and magnesium to improve tolerance and absorption. Consider chewable... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/nutritional-supplementation-during-after-glp-1-therapy/after-glp-1-therapy-post-treatment-nutrition-and-maintenance/ Why Post-Treatment Nutrition Matters Once GLP-1 medications are stopped, appetite may return and weight regain is common without structured strategies in place. Establishing a sustainable dietary and lifestyle routine is critical to preserving long-term health benefits and preventing rebound weight gain. Key Focus Areas After GLP-1 Consistent Meal Structure: Stick to regular meals and snacks to avoid overeating due to a sudden increase in appetite. Macronutrient Balance: Prioritize lean proteins, healthy fats, and fiber-rich carbs to stabilize blood sugar and hunger levels. Ongoing Supplementation: Continue with multivitamins, protein, and key nutrients (e. g. , B12, D, Iron) if diet alone isn’t sufficient. Physical Activity: Engage in regular exercise to maintain lean mass and energy balance. Aim for at least 150 minutes/week. Mindful Eating: Use hunger and fullness cues, practice portion control, and avoid emotional eating triggers. Transitioning Off GLP-1 Medications Work with a healthcare provider to taper and transition responsibly. They may help establish new habits or explore alternative weight maintenance therapies if needed (e. g. , metformin, lifestyle coaching). Behavioral and Mental Health Support Track eating patterns with journals or apps to build self-awareness. Consider behavioral therapy or support groups to maintain motivation. Build coping strategies for stress without relying on food. Long-Term Nutrition Plan Use a Mediterranean-style or high-protein meal plan to support cardiovascular and metabolic health. Maintain hydration and fiber intake to manage digestion and appetite. Reassess supplementation needs annually based on labs and dietary intake. References Davies MJ et al. "Long-Term Weight Maintenance After GLP-1 Discontinuation.... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/lifestyle-nutrition-strategies-for-weight-management/acgng-nutritional-supplementation-guide-for-glp-1-users/ The following guide is also available for download in a PDF version: Click here to download the ACGNG Nutritional Supplementation Guide for GLP-1 Users Introduction GLP-1 receptor agonist medications have shown strong clinical benefits for weight loss and blood sugar control, but they often suppress appetite and reduce food volume. This leads many individuals to consume fewer calories— and by extension, fewer nutrients—over time. Supplementation is not a substitute for a balanced diet. However, in the context of reduced appetite and intake, it serves as a critical safety net to help prevent nutrient deficiencies, support energy levels, reduce common side effects, and sustain wellness during GLP-1 therapy. This guide outlines evidence-based recommendations for vitamins, minerals, and supportive nutrients that can complement your diet and help maintain nutritional adequacy while using GLP-1 medications. 1. Why Supplementation Is Needed Appetite suppression and reduced food intake Delayed gastric emptying affecting nutrient absorption Common deficiencies in Vitamin B12, D, Folate, and Magnesium Digestive side effects like nausea or constipation 2. Key Nutrients to Monitor NutrientWhy It MattersVitamin B12Nerve function, energy, and red blood cell formationVitamin D3Bone health, immunity, mood regulationIronPrevents anemia and fatigueFolate (5-MTHF)Critical for metabolism and DNA repairMagnesiumSupports digestion, muscle, and nerve functionZinc & SeleniumImmune and thyroid healthCalciumEssential for bones and weight maintenanceB1, B6, BiotinEnergy metabolism and nervous system supportProbiotics & EnzymesMay improve digestion and reduce GI discomfort 3. Recommended Daily Intake Ranges NutrientDaily Target Range*Vitamin A900–1500 mcg RAEVitamin C300–1000 mgVitamin D325–75 mcg (1000–3000 IU)Vitamin E15–30 mgVitamin K160–120 mcgThiamine (B1)10–25 mgRiboflavin (B2)5–20 mgNiacin... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/research-news-the-latest-on-glp-1/ At the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG), we are committed to bringing you timely, credible, and research-backed updates on GLP-1 therapies and related fields. This section serves as your hub for the latest breakthroughs, peer-reviewed studies, scientific commentary, and regulatory announcements concerning GLP-1 receptor agonists and weight management. What You'll Find in This Section Latest Research Updates: Easy-to-digest summaries of new clinical trials and academic studies Scientific News & Developments: Updates from FDA, medical conferences, and research institutions Expert Opinions & Commentary: Perspectives from physicians, endocrinologists, and metabolic health specialists Why Stay Informed? GLP-1 therapies are among the fastest-evolving treatments in modern medicine. Staying informed allows patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals to: Understand new medication approvals and safety updates Evaluate the latest findings on efficacy, side effects, and long-term outcomes Access professional interpretations of research that may affect treatment decisions Who This Is For Patients currently on or considering GLP-1 medications Healthcare providers seeking recent clinical data Researchers and students studying obesity, diabetes, or endocrinology Anyone interested in evidence-based guidance for weight management Start exploring our articles on Latest Research Updates, Scientific Developments, and Expert Opinions to stay ahead of the curve. Disclaimer The Research & News section is provided for educational and informational purposes only. While we strive to ensure all content is backed by peer-reviewed sources, it does not replace the advice of a qualified healthcare provider. --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/research-news-the-latest-on-glp-1/latest-research-updates-on-glp-1/ GLP-1 receptor agonists have become a central topic in obesity and diabetes research. This page provides digestible summaries of recent peer-reviewed studies, clinical trial outcomes, and academic findings—all curated to keep both healthcare professionals and the public informed. Recent Highlights Tirzepatide Demonstrates Superior Weight Loss: A 2022 NEJM study showed participants lost an average of 15–22% of body weight with tirzepatide (dual GLP-1/GIP agonist), significantly outperforming placebo. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Health: A 2023 JAMA Cardiology study confirmed semaglutide reduced risk markers for cardiovascular events in obese individuals without diabetes. GLP-1 and Brain Response: Imaging studies (Nature Metabolism, 2021) show that GLP-1 therapies reduce reward-driven brain responses to food, offering new understanding of appetite regulation. Pediatric Use Expands: The FDA recently approved liraglutide and semaglutide for adolescents 12+ with obesity. Trials show tolerability and clinically meaningful weight loss. How We Select Research Each study highlighted here is selected based on the following criteria: Published in reputable journals (NEJM, JAMA, The Lancet, etc. ) Peer-reviewed with clinically significant outcomes Relevant to GLP-1 therapy use, safety, or comparative efficacy Upcoming Areas of Interest Long-term outcomes beyond 2 years of use GLP-1’s effect on fertility, cancer risk, and cognitive health Comparisons between oral and injectable GLP-1 formulations This page is updated regularly. Bookmark it or subscribe to receive updates on GLP-1 research as new findings are published. Disclaimer The summaries provided are for informational purposes only and do not substitute for reading the full studies or consulting with a qualified healthcare professional. --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/research-news-the-latest-on-glp-1/scientific-news-developments/ Stay informed with the most important news and regulatory updates surrounding GLP-1 therapies. This section covers FDA approvals, updated clinical guidelines, scientific conference highlights, and global developments related to GLP-1 medications and metabolic health. Regulatory Updates FDA Approves Zepbound™ (Tirzepatide) for Obesity (2023): The U. S. Food and Drug Administration granted approval for tirzepatide under the brand name Zepbound for chronic weight management in adults with obesity or overweight and at least one weight-related condition. Expanded Indications for Semaglutide: In 2022–2024, semaglutide (Wegovy, Ozempic) received broader approvals for use in adolescents and for cardiovascular risk reduction in obese adults without diabetes. EMA and Health Canada Updates: European and Canadian authorities now require enhanced GI risk labeling on all GLP-1 receptor agonists following pharmacovigilance reports. Clinical Guideline Revisions The American Diabetes Association (ADA) and European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) now recommend GLP-1 receptor agonists as a first-line therapy for patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk. Obesity treatment guidelines by The Obesity Society emphasize GLP-1 therapies as effective and sustainable tools for long-term weight management. Scientific Advancements Dual and Triple Agonists: Research continues into next-generation drugs that target GLP-1, GIP, and glucagon receptors simultaneously—showing promise for enhanced metabolic control and greater weight loss. Oral GLP-1 Formulations: Investigational oral semaglutide versions with improved bioavailability are under review in Phase 3 trials. GLP-1 and Liver Health: Ongoing studies are exploring how GLP-1 analogs may reduce hepatic fat and inflammation, with implications for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment.... --- > Explore GLP-1 clinical resources for healthcare providers, including dosing guidelines, patient selection tools, side effect management, and continuing education. - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/ Resources for Healthcare Professionals The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) is committed to supporting healthcare providers in delivering evidence-based, patient-centered care. This section is designed for physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, pharmacists, dietitians, and allied health professionals involved in the management of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic conditions. What You’ll Find in This Section Clinical Guidelines & Best Practices: Review current clinical consensus statements, prescribing standards, and patient care algorithms. Dosage & Administration: Detailed dosing protocols, titration schedules, and injectable guidance for GLP-1 medications. Patient Selection & Monitoring: Tools to evaluate eligibility, contraindications, and treatment success criteria. Side Effect Management: Strategies for minimizing GI side effects, enhancing adherence, and counseling patients. Access & Insurance Resources: Guidance on prior authorizations, formulary access, and patient assistance programs. Professional Development: Webinars, CME/CE courses, and upcoming conference listings. How These Resources Can Help GLP-1 therapies are rapidly evolving. ACGNG provides up-to-date, actionable knowledge to support: Safe and effective medication use Nutrition counseling integration Long-term behavior and weight maintenance support Multidisciplinary collaboration across specialties Practice Areas Served Endocrinology & Diabetology Primary Care & Family Medicine Bariatric Medicine & Surgery Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine Clinical Nutrition & Dietetics Pharmacy Visit the subsections below to access professional-grade tools, patient education handouts, and science-backed implementation guidance. View Clinical Guidelines | Dosage Protocols | Patient Selection Tools | Educational Events Disclaimer All resources in this section are intended for licensed healthcare professionals. They do not constitute individual medical advice and should be used in conjunction with... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/clinical-guidelines-best-practices/ This page provides up-to-date clinical guidance for the use of GLP-1 receptor agonists in the management of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. It summarizes professional consensus statements, evidence-based recommendations, and algorithmic treatment pathways endorsed by major medical societies. Key Recommendations First-line for Obesity: The Obesity Society and AACE recommend GLP-1 receptor agonists (e. g. , semaglutide, tirzepatide) for adults with BMI ≥30, or ≥27 with weight-related comorbidities. Cardiometabolic Priority: The ADA and EASD advise GLP-1s as preferred agents in type 2 diabetes patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or high risk. Lifestyle First, Then Adjunct: GLP-1 medications are recommended as adjuncts to intensive lifestyle interventions, not replacements. Long-Term Use Validated: Sustained use (12–24 months) has been associated with better long-term weight maintenance and glycemic control. Clinical Algorithm Example (Weight Loss Focus) Assess BMI, comorbidities, and weight loss history Initiate lifestyle intervention (diet, physical activity, behavior) Reassess at 3 months: If < 5% weight loss, consider pharmacotherapy Screen for GLP-1 therapy eligibility Start GLP-1 therapy with appropriate titration Continue monitoring for 6–12 months and assess maintenance plan Professional Society Sources American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2024 Standards of Care American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE) Obesity Guidelines European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) The Obesity Society (TOS) Practice Guidelines Emerging Guidance Use of dual and triple agonists (e. g. , tirzepatide, retatrutide) under close specialist supervision Integration with multidisciplinary care teams (nutrition, behavioral therapy, endocrinology) Patient-centered titration based on tolerability and adherence Printable Downloads Coming soon: Downloadable guideline... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/dosage-administration-protocols-for-glp-1-therapies/ This guide outlines approved dosing schedules, titration protocols, and administration guidance for commonly prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonist medications. These protocols are based on manufacturer labels, clinical guidelines, and expert consensus. Semaglutide (Ozempic®, Wegovy®, Rybelsus®) Ozempic (weekly injection): Start: 0. 25 mg once weekly for 4 weeks Increase to 0. 5 mg weekly; may increase to 1. 0 mg or 2. 0 mg if needed Max: 2. 0 mg/week (T2D); 2. 4 mg/week (obesity with Wegovy) Wegovy (weekly injection): Titration: 0. 25 mg → 0. 5 mg → 1. 0 mg → 1. 7 mg → 2. 4 mg over 16–20 weeks Rybelsus (oral tablet): Start: 3 mg once daily for 30 days Then 7 mg daily; may increase to 14 mg after 30 days Tirzepatide (Zepbound™, Mounjaro®) Start: 2. 5 mg once weekly for 4 weeks Increase: 5 mg → 7. 5 mg → 10 mg → 12. 5 mg → 15 mg (every 4 weeks as tolerated) Max: 15 mg weekly Liraglutide (Saxenda®, Victoza®) Saxenda (obesity): Titration: 0. 6 mg → 1. 2 mg → 1. 8 mg → 2. 4 mg → 3. 0 mg (increase weekly) Victoza (T2D): Start: 0. 6 mg daily for 1 week Then 1. 2 mg or 1. 8 mg daily Dulaglutide (Trulicity®) Start: 0. 75 mg or 1. 5 mg once weekly May increase to 3. 0 mg or 4. 5 mg based on response and tolerance General Administration Tips Inject subcutaneously into the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm Rotate injection sites... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/patient-selection-management/ Appropriate patient selection and structured follow-up are essential to successful GLP-1 therapy outcomes. This page outlines clinical criteria for initiating GLP-1 receptor agonists, contraindications to consider, and monitoring recommendations to ensure safety and efficacy throughout treatment. Eligibility Criteria Obesity: Adults with a BMI ≥30 kg/m², or ≥27 kg/m² with one or more weight-related comorbidities (e. g. , hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea) Type 2 Diabetes: Patients inadequately controlled on lifestyle modification and/or oral medications Cardiovascular Risk: Patients with established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease may benefit from cardioprotective GLP-1 agents (e. g. , semaglutide, liraglutide) Pediatric Use: Adolescents aged ≥12 years with obesity (based on FDA indications for liraglutide and semaglutide) Contraindications & Cautions Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) or multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN2) Severe gastrointestinal disease (e. g. , gastroparesis) History of pancreatitis (use with caution) Renal impairment (monitor for dehydration-related effects) Pregnancy or planned conception (not recommended during pregnancy) Initial Evaluation Checklist Confirm diagnosis (obesity, T2D, or both) Review BMI, HbA1c, lipid panel, renal function, blood pressure Assess readiness for lifestyle modification Screen for contraindications and potential drug interactions Set realistic goals (e. g. , 5–10% weight loss in 6 months) Monitoring Protocols Schedule follow-up visits every 4–8 weeks during titration Assess tolerability, side effects (GI, hypoglycemia risk), and adherence Monitor: Weight, BMI, waist circumference HbA1c (in T2D patients) every 3–6 months Renal function in patients at risk of volume depletion Evaluate need for dose escalation, discontinuation, or addition of adjunctive therapies Patient... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/side-effect-management/ Gastrointestinal (GI) side effects are the most common adverse events associated with GLP-1 receptor agonists. Effective management and proactive counseling can significantly improve adherence and long-term treatment success. This guide provides evidence-based strategies for managing side effects in clinical practice. Most Common Side Effects Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Abdominal pain or bloating Loss of appetite Fatigue or malaise (transient in early treatment phase) General Management Principles Start low, go slow: Follow recommended titration schedules to reduce GI burden. Hydration and electrolytes: Encourage adequate fluid intake to prevent dehydration and support digestion. Dietary modifications: Small, low-fat, bland meals are generally better tolerated. Meal timing: Avoid large or late-night meals; reduce portion sizes. Review other medications: Identify drugs that may worsen GI side effects (e. g. , NSAIDs, metformin). Specific Symptom Strategies Nausea Eat small, frequent meals Avoid greasy, spicy, or very sweet foods Ginger tea or ginger chews may help reduce nausea Consider ondansetron if clinically appropriate Constipation Increase fiber intake (if tolerated) and water consumption Encourage physical activity Add stool softeners (e. g. , docusate) or fiber supplements if needed Diarrhea Maintain hydration with oral rehydration solutions Limit caffeine, alcohol, and high-fat foods Use loperamide short-term if persistent Patient Counseling Tips Normalize the side effects—let patients know they’re common and often temporary Provide written instructions for symptom relief Advise patients not to skip doses unless advised and to contact their provider if symptoms worsen Reinforce the importance of adherence to titration schedules When to Adjust or Stop Therapy Severe or... --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/professional-education-events/ The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) is committed to providing continuing education and professional development opportunities for healthcare providers. This page features upcoming webinars, CME-accredited events, workshops, and conferences focused on obesity care, metabolic health, and the evolving science behind GLP-1 therapies. Upcoming Webinars & Workshops GLP-1 in Practice: Real-World Case ReviewsDate: August 15, 2025Type: Live WebinarCME: 1. 5 AMA PRA Category 1 Credits™ Nutrition & Supplementation for GLP-1 PatientsDate: September 12, 2025Type: Interactive WorkshopCME: Pending GLP-1 and Adolescents: Clinical ConsiderationsDate: October 10, 2025Type: Virtual Panel DiscussionCME: 1. 0 Credit Conferences & Live Events Endocrine Society Annual Meeting (ENDO 2025)Date: June 2025Location: San Diego, CAFocus: Obesity, diabetes, and metabolic therapies ObesityWeek 2025 (TOS + ASMBS)Date: November 2025Location: New Orleans, LAFocus: Obesity science, GLP-1 updates, and bariatric care On-Demand Learning Can’t attend live? We offer a growing library of recorded lectures and accredited courses. Topics include: GLP-1 Dosing & Titration Strategies Managing Side Effects & Enhancing Adherence Nutritional Deficiencies During GLP-1 Therapy Integrating Behavioral Counseling in Obesity Care Stay Informed Sign up for the ACGNG Professional Newsletter to receive monthly updates on new educational offerings, guideline revisions, and featured expert insights. Contact for Event Inquiries Interested in partnering, sponsoring, or presenting at an upcoming ACGNG event? Email us at events@acgng. org. Disclaimer Event details are subject to change. CME credits are provided through accredited partners where noted. Always verify eligibility and certification requirements for your licensing board. --- - Published: 2025-06-26 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/for-healthcare-professionals/insurance-access-resources/ Access to GLP-1 medications can be challenging due to high costs, insurance limitations, and prior authorization requirements. This page provides an overview of resources and strategies to help patients and healthcare providers navigate the access process. Insurance Coverage Overview Commercial Insurance: Most private insurers require prior authorization for GLP-1 medications. Coverage may be limited to FDA-approved indications (e. g. , type 2 diabetes, obesity). Medicare Part D: Covers certain GLP-1 drugs for diabetes management. Coverage for weight loss medications (e. g. , Saxenda, Wegovy) may be restricted. Medicaid: Coverage varies by state. Some Medicaid plans require BMI thresholds or comorbidity documentation. Affordable Care Act (ACA) Plans: May offer obesity management support but often exclude weight loss drugs from formularies. Prior Authorization Requirements Many insurers require documentation of: Diagnosis (type 2 diabetes or obesity) Failure or inadequate response to lifestyle modification alone BMI ≥30, or ≥27 with comorbidities (for weight loss meds) Specific lab values (HbA1c, fasting glucose, etc. ) Previous therapies tried and failed Prior authorization forms are typically available on the insurer’s provider portal. Patient Assistance Programs (PAPs) Several manufacturers offer financial assistance for eligible patients: Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus (Novo Nordisk): (https://www. novocare. com) Saxenda (Novo Nordisk): Savings card and eligibility-based free drug program Trulicity (Eli Lilly): (https://www. lillycares. com) Zepbound, Mounjaro (Eli Lilly): Access support and patient savings cards Most programs require proof of income, insurance denial, or lack of coverage. Tips for Providers Use electronic prior authorization (ePA) tools to reduce paperwork delays Document comorbidities and prior... --- > Compare GLP-1 receptor agonists with other weight loss methods—including lifestyle changes, bariatric surgery, and alternative medications—to understand the benefits, limitations, and suitability of each option. - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/vs-other-treatments/ Introduction GLP-1 receptor agonists (like semaglutide and liraglutide) are changing the landscape of obesity and metabolic treatment. But how do they stack up against traditional weight loss methods? This guide breaks down the key differences between GLP-1s and other common interventions. 1. GLP-1 Receptor Agonists **Mechanism:** Mimic natural hormones that regulate appetite and insulin. **Examples:** Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy), Liraglutide (Saxenda), Dulaglutide (Trulicity) **Weight Loss Efficacy:** Clinical trials report average loss of 10–15% of body weight over 6–12 months. **Benefits:** Appetite suppression, improved blood sugar, cardiovascular risk reduction (in some cases) **Limitations:** Gastrointestinal side effects, cost, need for injection, weight regain if discontinued 2. Lifestyle-Only Approaches **Includes:** Diet modifications, exercise routines, behavior therapy **Efficacy:** Typically results in 5–10% weight loss with sustained effort and support **Benefits:** Non-invasive, improves overall health, customizable **Limitations:** Slower results, high drop-off rate without structure or accountability 3. Bariatric Surgery **Types:** Gastric sleeve, gastric bypass, adjustable gastric band **Efficacy:** Average loss of 20–35% of total body weight in the first year **Benefits:** Long-term success, hormonal/metabolic reset, diabetes remission in some cases **Limitations:** Surgical risks, cost, permanent anatomical change, requires lifelong follow-up and supplementation 4. Other Weight Loss Medications **Examples:** Phentermine/topiramate (Qsymia), bupropion/naltrexone (Contrave), orlistat (Alli/Xenical) **Efficacy:** Average 3–9% weight loss **Benefits:** Oral options, lower cost in some cases **Limitations:** CNS effects, digestive side effects, lower efficacy compared to GLP-1s 5. Natural & Complementary Approaches **Includes:** Supplements, intermittent fasting, herbal therapies **Efficacy:** Variable and often unsupported by strong evidence **Benefits:** Perceived safety, accessibility **Limitations:** Lack of regulation, inconsistent... --- - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/exenatide-byetta-bydureon/ What Is Exenatide? Exenatide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and, in some cases, off-label for weight management. It was the first GLP-1 agonist approved for use in humans and is available under two brand names: Byetta: A short-acting formulation administered twice daily Bydureon: A long-acting, once-weekly formulation (now often marketed as Bydureon BCise) Mechanism of Action Exenatide mimics the action of native GLP-1, a hormone involved in regulating appetite, blood sugar, and insulin secretion. It: Increases insulin secretion in response to glucose Suppresses post-meal glucagon release Slows gastric emptying, prolonging satiety Reduces appetite, potentially aiding weight loss Indications Approved for adults with type 2 diabetes to improve glycemic control Used in conjunction with diet and exercise Not indicated for type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis Not approved for pediatric use under age 18 Dosage Forms Byetta: 5 mcg or 10 mcg subcutaneous injection, twice daily within 60 minutes of meals Bydureon BCise: 2 mg once-weekly autoinjector Benefits Improves HbA1c by ~0. 5–1. 0% May promote modest weight loss (~2–5 kg) Reduces postprandial glucose spikes Once-weekly option offers convenience and better adherence Side Effects Nausea (most common) Vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation Injection site reactions (particularly with Bydureon) Risk of pancreatitis (rare but serious) Potential thyroid C-cell tumors (in animal studies) Contraindications & Warnings History of pancreatitis Personal or family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2) Use caution in patients with severe renal impairment... --- - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/liraglutide-victoza-saxenda/ What Is Liraglutide? Liraglutide is a synthetic GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the body's natural incretin hormone to regulate appetite, insulin secretion, and blood glucose levels. It is marketed under two different brand names for two distinct purposes: Victoza: Approved for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk reduction Saxenda: Approved specifically for chronic weight management in individuals with obesity or overweight with comorbidities Mechanism of Action Liraglutide acts by binding to GLP-1 receptors to: Enhance glucose-dependent insulin secretion Suppress inappropriate glucagon release after meals Slow gastric emptying, increasing satiety Reduce appetite, leading to decreased calorie intake Indications Victoza: For adults and children ≥10 years with type 2 diabetes Saxenda: For adults with BMI ≥30 or BMI ≥27 with comorbidities (e. g. , hypertension, dyslipidemia) Saxenda is also approved for adolescents aged 12–17 with obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile) Dosage & Administration Victoza: Subcutaneous injection once daily, starting at 0. 6 mg and titrated up to 1. 8 mg Saxenda: Subcutaneous injection once daily, starting at 0. 6 mg and titrated weekly to 3. 0 mg Benefits Improves blood glucose control (Victoza) Reduces major cardiovascular events in people with type 2 diabetes (Victoza) Promotes 5–10% body weight loss on average (Saxenda) Supports appetite reduction and long-term weight management Side Effects Nausea (most common, especially during dose escalation) Vomiting or diarrhea Headache, dizziness, fatigue Hypoglycemia (more likely when used with insulin or sulfonylureas) Rare: pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, thyroid C-cell tumors (animal studies) Contraindications & Warnings History of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) Multiple Endocrine... --- - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/dulaglutide-trulicity/ What Is Dulaglutide? Dulaglutide is a once-weekly injectable GLP-1 receptor agonist approved for adults and children aged 10 and older with type 2 diabetes. It is sold under the brand name Trulicity and is widely recognized for its convenient auto-injector and evidence-based cardiovascular benefits. Mechanism of Action As a GLP-1 analog, dulaglutide works by: Enhancing insulin secretion in response to high blood glucose Suppressing inappropriate post-meal glucagon release Slowing gastric emptying, reducing food intake Promoting satiety and appetite control Indications Improves glycemic control in adults and children ≥10 years with type 2 diabetes Reduces the risk of major cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease or multiple CV risk factors Not approved for weight loss or type 1 diabetes Dosage & Administration Administered once weekly via subcutaneous injection using a prefilled auto-injector Starting dose: 0. 75 mg once weekly May be increased to 1. 5 mg, 3. 0 mg, or 4. 5 mg based on clinical response Can be taken at any time of day, with or without meals Benefits Reduces HbA1c by 1. 0–1. 5% on average Modest weight loss (~2–4 kg) Proven cardiovascular benefits (REWIND trial) Simple weekly dosing and user-friendly injector Approved for pediatric use in type 2 diabetes Side Effects Nausea (most common), especially during initial dose escalation Diarrhea, vomiting, or abdominal pain Fatigue, decreased appetite Rare: pancreatitis, gallbladder issues, kidney function changes Injection site reactions are uncommon due to the auto-injector design Contraindications & Warnings Personal or family history of... --- - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/semaglutide-ozempic-wegovy-rybelsus/ What Is Semaglutide? Semaglutide is a long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist that mimics the hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 to regulate blood sugar, insulin, appetite, and satiety. It is available in three formulations: Ozempic: Once-weekly injectable approved for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk reduction Wegovy: Once-weekly injectable approved for chronic weight management Rybelsus: Daily oral tablet approved for type 2 diabetes Mechanism of Action Semaglutide activates GLP-1 receptors to: Increase glucose-dependent insulin secretion Suppress post-meal glucagon release Delay gastric emptying and increase satiety Significantly reduce appetite and calorie intake Indications Ozempic: Adults with type 2 diabetes, and to reduce risk of cardiovascular events in those with known heart disease Wegovy: Adults and teens ≥12 years with obesity or overweight with at least one weight-related condition Rybelsus: Adults with type 2 diabetes when diet and exercise alone are not sufficient Dosage & Administration Ozempic: Subcutaneous injection once weekly, starting at 0. 25 mg and titrated up to 2. 0 mg Wegovy: Subcutaneous injection once weekly, starting at 0. 25 mg and titrated up to 2. 4 mg Rybelsus: Oral tablet taken once daily on an empty stomach, starting at 3 mg and titrated to 7 or 14 mg Benefits HbA1c reduction of up to 1. 5–2. 0% (Ozempic, Rybelsus) Weight loss of 12–17% on average (Wegovy) Cardiovascular risk reduction in people with diabetes and heart disease (Ozempic) Once-weekly or oral dosing options increase flexibility Side Effects Nausea (most common), especially early in treatment Vomiting, diarrhea, or constipation Fatigue, dizziness, headache Gallbladder issues, pancreatitis... --- - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/lixisenatide-adlyxin/ What Is Lixisenatide? Lixisenatide is a short-acting GLP-1 receptor agonist developed for improving glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes. Marketed under the brand name Adlyxin (formerly Lyxumia in Europe), it mimics the GLP-1 hormone to help regulate blood sugar levels post-meal. Mechanism of Action Lixisenatide works by: Stimulating insulin release in a glucose-dependent manner Suppressing inappropriate glucagon secretion Slowing gastric emptying to reduce postprandial glucose spikes Promoting satiety and reducing food intake Indications Adults with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with diet, exercise, or oral antidiabetic agents Can be used in combination with basal insulin or oral medications (e. g. , metformin) Not indicated for type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis Not approved for pediatric use Dosage & Administration Subcutaneous injection once daily, ideally within one hour before the first meal of the day Initial dose: 10 mcg daily for 14 days, then increase to 20 mcg daily Administer in the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm Benefits Reduces postprandial glucose excursions effectively Modest HbA1c reduction (~0. 5–1. 0%) Can support mild weight loss (~1–3 kg) Useful for patients who struggle with high after-meal glucose levels Side Effects Nausea, especially at initiation Vomiting, diarrhea, and headache Injection site reactions Rare: pancreatitis, acute kidney injury in dehydrated individuals Contraindications & Warnings History of serious hypersensitivity to lixisenatide Not recommended in patients with severe gastrointestinal disease (e. g. , gastroparesis) Use caution in those with renal impairment Clinical Evidence GetGoal Clinical Program: Series of trials demonstrated effectiveness in combination with metformin,... --- - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/tirzepatide-zepbound-mounjaro/ What Is Tirzepatide? Tirzepatide is a once-weekly injectable medication that activates both the GLP-1 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) receptors. This dual action boosts insulin secretion, reduces appetite, and leads to substantial weight loss and glycemic control improvements. It was first approved in the U. S. in 2022 (Mounjaro) and later for obesity in 2023 (Zepbound). Mechanism of Action GLP-1 activity: Enhances glucose-dependent insulin release, suppresses glucagon, slows gastric emptying, and reduces appetite GIP activity: Improves insulin sensitivity, supports fat metabolism, and may enhance GLP-1's weight loss effects The combination results in superior glycemic control and greater weight reduction than GLP-1 agonists alone Indications Mounjaro: Type 2 diabetes in adults (monotherapy or with other antidiabetic agents) Zepbound: Chronic weight management in adults with a BMI ≥30 kg/m2 or ≥27 kg/m2 with a weight-related condition (e. g. , hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia) Dosage & Administration Once-weekly subcutaneous injection Start at 2. 5 mg once weekly and increase every 4 weeks to 5 mg, 7. 5 mg, 10 mg, 12. 5 mg, or 15 mg Administer in abdomen, thigh, or upper arm Benefits HbA1c reductions of up to 2. 0–2. 4% Average weight loss up to 22. 5% in clinical trials (SURMOUNT-1) Improved cardiometabolic markers (blood pressure, triglycerides, insulin sensitivity) Potential benefits in NAFLD, PCOS, and other metabolic disorders under investigation Side Effects Common: Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, abdominal pain Less common: Hair thinning, injection site reactions, fatigue Rare: Pancreatitis, gallbladder disease, kidney injury Monitor for severe GI side effects during... --- > Explore the most widely used GLP-1 receptor agonists currently prescribed for diabetes and weight management, with a focus on their efficacy, availability, and clinical uses. - Published: 2025-06-25 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/most-popular-glp-1-medications/ Introduction GLP-1 receptor agonists have become some of the most effective tools for managing type 2 diabetes and supporting weight loss. Below are the most commonly prescribed and well-known GLP-1 medications in 2024, each with FDA approval and growing real-world popularity. 1. Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus) Ozempic: Once-weekly injectable for type 2 diabetes; also shown to reduce cardiovascular risk. Wegovy: Once-weekly injectable approved for chronic weight management. Rybelsus: The first and only oral GLP-1 medication, taken daily for type 2 diabetes. Highlights: Significant weight loss (12–17%), HbA1c reductions up to 2%, strong clinical trial backing (SUSTAIN, STEP). 2. Liraglutide (Victoza, Saxenda) Victoza: Daily injectable for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular risk reduction. Saxenda: Daily injectable for weight management in adults and adolescents aged 12–17. Highlights: Modest weight loss (~5–8%), improved glucose control, long track record of safety and efficacy. 3. Dulaglutide (Trulicity) Trulicity: Once-weekly injectable for type 2 diabetes; reduces risk of major cardiovascular events. Highlights: Easy-to-use auto-injector, consistent glucose control, supports weight loss (~5–7%). 4. Tirzepatide (Mounjaro, Zepbound) Mounjaro: Dual GLP-1/GIP agonist approved for type 2 diabetes. Zepbound: Approved in 2023 for obesity treatment; shows unparalleled weight loss results. Highlights: Average weight loss up to 22. 5%, HbA1c reduction >2%, dual mechanism offers greater efficacy than traditional GLP-1s. Comparison Table Brand NameActive IngredientIndicationDosing FrequencyKey BenefitOzempicSemaglutideType 2 DiabetesWeeklyGlucose control, CV risk reductionWegovySemaglutideWeight ManagementWeeklySubstantial weight lossRybelsusSemaglutideType 2 DiabetesDaily (oral)First oral GLP-1SaxendaLiraglutideWeight ManagementDailyWeight loss with CV benefitsVictozaLiraglutideType 2 DiabetesDailyLong-standing safetyTrulicityDulaglutideType 2 DiabetesWeeklySimple auto-injectorZepboundTirzepatideWeight ManagementWeeklyHighest weight loss efficacyMounjaroTirzepatideType 2 DiabetesWeeklyDual GLP-1/GIP action MedicationActive... --- - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/ Welcome to the GLP-1 Basics Hub GLP-1 (glucagon-like peptide-1) is a hormone that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar, appetite, and digestion. In recent years, GLP-1 receptor agonists have emerged as groundbreaking medications for both type 2 diabetes and weight management. This section helps you understand the science behind GLP-1 and how these therapies work in real life. Explore each topic below to gain a well-rounded understanding of GLP-1 and its role in health and wellness: Topics Covered What is GLP-1? – Understand the hormone and its role in the body How GLP-1 Works – Learn how GLP-1 affects appetite, digestion, and glucose control GLP-1 Medications – Overview of FDA-approved GLP-1 receptor agonists Side Effects – Common reactions, safety considerations, and how to manage them GLP-1 Medication Profiles – Detailed information by active ingredient Indications & Eligibility – Who can benefit from GLP-1 therapy and why Comparing GLP-1 Medications – Efficacy, dosing, and patient experience comparisons GLP-1 vs. Other Weight Loss Treatments – Compare to lifestyle, medications, and surgery Who This Is For Patients considering GLP-1 therapy Individuals already prescribed a GLP-1 medication Caregivers and family members supporting a loved one Healthcare professionals looking for patient-friendly explanations How to Use This Section Each subpage in this section provides clear, evidence-based explanations with citations. We recommend starting with "What is GLP-1? " and following the topics in order for a complete understanding. You may also jump to the topic most relevant to your current needs. All content is reviewed... --- > An introduction to GLP-1, the naturally occurring hormone that plays a vital role in appetite regulation, insulin secretion, and metabolic health. Learn how it works and why it’s key to modern weight loss and diabetes treatments. - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/what-is-glp-1/ Table of Contents Overview What Does GLP-1 Do? Where Does GLP-1 Come From? GLP-1 and Medical Therapies Scientific Background & References Overview GLP-1, or glucagon-like peptide-1, is a hormone produced in the gut that helps regulate blood sugar levels, slow gastric emptying, and reduce appetite. It is part of a group of hormones called incretins that are released in response to food intake. GLP-1 has gained attention due to its role in diabetes and obesity management. By enhancing the body’s insulin response and promoting satiety, it helps people eat less and maintain better glycemic control. What Does GLP-1 Do? Stimulates insulin secretion: When blood sugar levels rise, GLP-1 encourages the pancreas to release insulin. Suppresses glucagon: GLP-1 inhibits the release of glucagon, a hormone that raises blood sugar. Slows gastric emptying: It delays how quickly food leaves the stomach, helping people feel full longer. Reduces appetite: GLP-1 acts on receptors in the brain to reduce hunger and food intake. Where Does GLP-1 Come From? GLP-1 is secreted by intestinal L-cells, which are located in the lining of the small intestine. The hormone is released after eating, especially in response to carbohydrates and fats. However, GLP-1 is rapidly broken down by an enzyme called DPP-4 (dipeptidyl peptidase-4), which limits its natural effectiveness—this is why medical GLP-1 receptor agonists are engineered to last longer in the body. GLP-1 and Medical Therapies Several medications now mimic or enhance the effects of natural GLP-1. These are called GLP-1 receptor agonists and are used to... --- - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/how-glp-1-works/ Table of Contents Introduction GLP-1’s Role in the Body How GLP-1 Affects Metabolism and Appetite How GLP-1 Medications Mimic This Process Scientific References Introduction GLP-1 is a hormone secreted naturally by the intestines in response to eating. It acts on multiple organs to help the body manage blood sugar, slow digestion, and reduce appetite. These effects are why GLP-1 receptor agonist medications are now widely used for treating type 2 diabetes and obesity. GLP-1’s Role in the Body After you eat a meal, GLP-1 is released by L-cells in your small intestine. It acts on several key areas: Pancreas: Increases insulin secretion in response to rising glucose levels. Pancreas (α-cells): Suppresses glucagon, a hormone that raises blood sugar. Stomach: Slows gastric emptying, delaying how quickly food leaves the stomach. Brain: Signals fullness and reduces appetite via the hypothalamus. How GLP-1 Affects Metabolism and Appetite The combined effect of GLP-1's actions helps lower post-meal blood glucose, reduce hunger, and promote feelings of satiety. This makes it especially useful for: Improving glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes Reducing calorie intake and supporting weight loss Preventing large glucose spikes after meals However, the natural GLP-1 hormone is rapidly broken down in the body—usually within 2 minutes—by the enzyme DPP-4. This limits its usefulness in therapeutic doses unless extended pharmacologically. How GLP-1 Medications Mimic This Process GLP-1 receptor agonists (e. g. , semaglutide, liraglutide) are synthetic compounds that mimic the effects of natural GLP-1 but are designed to last much longer—anywhere from... --- - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/glp-1-medications/ Table of Contents Overview Approved GLP-1 Medications Delivery Methods Medical Uses Differences Between Medications Scientific References Overview GLP-1 receptor agonists are a class of medications that mimic the action of the natural GLP-1 hormone. These drugs help lower blood glucose, suppress appetite, and support weight loss. They are used primarily in the treatment of type 2 diabetes and, more recently, for chronic weight management. Approved GLP-1 Medications Exenatide – Byetta® (short-acting), Bydureon BCise® (weekly) Liraglutide – Victoza® (diabetes), Saxenda® (weight loss) Dulaglutide – Trulicity® (weekly) Semaglutide – Ozempic® (weekly), Wegovy® (weight loss), Rybelsus® (oral) Lixisenatide – Adlyxin® (daily) Tirzepatide – Mounjaro® (dual GLP-1/GIP agonist – see Emerging Therapies) Delivery Methods Most GLP-1 medications are injectable, using a pen device for subcutaneous (under the skin) injection. However, semaglutide is also available in oral form under the brand name Rybelsus®. Daily Injection: Liraglutide, Lixisenatide Weekly Injection: Dulaglutide, Exenatide (Bydureon), Semaglutide (Ozempic, Wegovy) Oral Tablet: Semaglutide (Rybelsus) Medical Uses Type 2 Diabetes: Most GLP-1 medications were originally developed and approved for glycemic control. Obesity / Weight Management: Liraglutide (Saxenda) and Semaglutide (Wegovy) are specifically approved for weight loss in patients with obesity or overweight with a weight-related condition. Cardiovascular Risk Reduction: Some GLP-1 drugs (e. g. , liraglutide, semaglutide) are also approved to reduce risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. Differences Between Medications GLP-1 medications differ by: Half-life & dosing frequency (daily vs. weekly) Side effect profiles (e. g. , gastrointestinal tolerance) Indications (diabetes only vs. also for obesity) Formulation... --- - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/side-effects/ Table of Contents Overview Common Side Effects Serious or Rare Side Effects Tips to Manage Side Effects Warnings and Precautions Scientific References Overview GLP-1 medications are generally well tolerated, but like all treatments, they come with the potential for side effects. Most are related to the gastrointestinal system and occur during the early stages of therapy. Understanding these effects—and how to minimize them—can improve treatment adherence and comfort. Common Side Effects These are typically mild to moderate and tend to improve over time: Nausea Vomiting Diarrhea Constipation Loss of appetite Feeling full quickly Fatigue or low energy (especially during calorie restriction) Nausea is the most common complaint, particularly when starting or increasing the dose. It often resolves within a few weeks. Serious or Rare Side Effects Pancreatitis: Inflammation of the pancreas—seek medical attention if you experience severe abdominal pain. Gallbladder issues: Gallstones and biliary disease have been reported. Kidney problems: Especially in patients with dehydration from vomiting or diarrhea. Allergic reactions: Rare but serious reactions (e. g. , swelling, rash, difficulty breathing) require immediate care. Thyroid tumors: Rodent studies showed thyroid C-cell tumors, though human risk is unclear. Medications carry a warning for those with a personal/family history of medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). Tips to Manage Side Effects Start with a low dose and increase slowly (as prescribed) Eat smaller, bland meals and avoid fatty or spicy foods during titration Stay hydrated—sip water regularly Avoid lying down after meals to reduce nausea Contact your provider before stopping treatment abruptly Warnings... --- > Get an in-depth look at each GLP-1 receptor agonist by its active ingredient. This guide outlines how each medication works, its medical uses, dosing, and potential side effects. - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/medication-profiles/ Table of Contents Overview Exenatide Liraglutide Dulaglutide Semaglutide Lixisenatide Tirzepatide (dual agonist) Overview Each GLP-1 receptor agonist is based on a different molecule, with slight variations in structure, duration, and indication. Some are daily, others weekly. Some target diabetes only, while others are approved for weight loss. Exenatide Brands: Byetta® (twice daily), Bydureon BCise® (once weekly) Indications: Type 2 diabetes Notes: The first GLP-1 agonist approved; derived from Gila monster saliva; short-acting compared to newer agents For more information about Exenatide - Click here. Liraglutide Brands: Victoza® (diabetes), Saxenda® (weight loss) Indications: Type 2 diabetes, chronic weight management Dosing: Once daily injection Notes: Approved for both diabetes and obesity; effective for moderate weight loss; may cause nausea at initiation For more information about Liraglutide - Click here. Dulaglutide Brand: Trulicity® Indications: Type 2 diabetes; cardiovascular risk reduction Dosing: Once weekly injection Notes: Easy-to-use auto-injector; limited weight loss effect compared to semaglutide For more information about Dulaglutide - Click here. Semaglutide Brands: Ozempic® (diabetes), Wegovy® (weight loss), Rybelsus® (oral) Indications: Type 2 diabetes, chronic weight management Dosing: Weekly injection (Ozempic/Wegovy), daily oral tablet (Rybelsus) Notes: Highly effective for weight loss; strong GLP-1 receptor affinity; best studied in STEP clinical trials For more information about Semaglutide - Click here. Lixisenatide Brand: Adlyxin® Indications: Type 2 diabetes Dosing: Once daily injection Notes: Less commonly prescribed; may be used in fixed-dose combination with insulin glargine (Soliqua®) For more information about Lixisenatide - Click here. Tirzepatide Brand: Mounjaro®, Zepbound® Type: Dual GLP-1/GIP receptor agonist Indications:... --- - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/eligibility/ Table of Contents Overview Use in Type 2 Diabetes Use in Obesity and Weight Management Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Off-Label and Emerging Uses Eligibility Criteria Scientific References Overview GLP-1 receptor agonists are approved by the FDA for two primary conditions: type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management. They may also be used for cardiovascular benefit in certain populations. Understanding these indications helps determine who can benefit most from this class of medication. Use in Type 2 Diabetes Most GLP-1 medications were originally developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. They help lower A1C, support weight loss, and reduce postprandial glucose spikes. GLP-1 therapy may be appropriate for people with: Type 2 diabetes with inadequate control on oral medications High A1C despite metformin or lifestyle changes Need to reduce risk of hypoglycemia Desire for weight loss in addition to glycemic control Use in Obesity and Weight Management Several GLP-1 medications—such as Saxenda® and Wegovy®—are approved for chronic weight management. Candidates typically meet one of the following: BMI ≥30 (obese) BMI ≥27 with at least one weight-related comorbidity (e. g. , hypertension, dyslipidemia, sleep apnea) GLP-1 therapy may be especially helpful for those who struggle with appetite control and portion sizes. Cardiovascular Risk Reduction Some GLP-1 medications (e. g. , liraglutide, semaglutide, dulaglutide) are indicated for reducing cardiovascular events in adults with type 2 diabetes and established heart disease. This includes patients with: Type 2 diabetes History of heart attack, stroke, or other atherosclerotic disease Off-Label and Emerging Uses In clinical practice,... --- > A side-by-side comparison of the most commonly prescribed GLP-1 receptor agonists. Review differences in efficacy, dosing schedules, delivery methods, and key considerations for choosing the right option. - Published: 2025-06-24 - Modified: 2025-06-25 - URL: https://acgng.org/glp-1-basics/comparisons/ Table of Contents Overview Comparison Table Efficacy: Blood Sugar and Weight Loss Tolerability and Side Effects Dosing and Delivery Options How to Choose a GLP-1 Medication Scientific References Overview Several GLP-1 receptor agonists are available, each with unique properties. While they all stimulate the GLP-1 receptor to promote satiety, lower blood sugar, and delay gastric emptying, some work more effectively for specific goals or patient needs. Comparison Table MedicationBrand(s)DosingIndicationsWeight Loss PotentialDeliveryExenatideByetta®, Bydureon®Twice daily or weeklyType 2 DiabetesLow–ModerateInjectionLiraglutideVictoza®, Saxenda®DailyType 2 Diabetes, ObesityModerateInjectionDulaglutideTrulicity®WeeklyType 2 DiabetesModerateInjection (auto-injector)SemaglutideOzempic®, Wegovy®, Rybelsus®Weekly or daily oralDiabetes, ObesityHighInjection or tabletLixisenatideAdlyxin®DailyType 2 DiabetesLowInjectionTirzepatide*Mounjaro®WeeklyType 2 Diabetes, Obesity (pending in some areas)Very HighInjection *Tirzepatide is a dual GLP-1/GIP agonist and not a pure GLP-1 receptor agonist. Efficacy: Blood Sugar and Weight Loss Among currently available options, semaglutide (Wegovy®) and tirzepatide (Mounjaro®) show the greatest efficacy for weight loss in clinical trials. All GLP-1s improve glycemic control, but newer agents generally outperform older ones in terms of both A1C reduction and body weight effects. Tolerability and Side Effects Nausea: Common to all GLP-1s, especially at the start of treatment Diarrhea or constipation: May vary slightly between medications Ease of titration: Semaglutide and liraglutide have slower dose escalation to improve tolerability Dosing and Delivery Options Options include: Daily injections: Liraglutide, Lixisenatide Weekly injections: Semaglutide, Dulaglutide, Tirzepatide, Exenatide (Bydureon) Oral tablet: Semaglutide (Rybelsus®) How to Choose a GLP-1 Medication Consider the following: Medical indication (diabetes, weight loss, cardiovascular risk) Patient preference for frequency and delivery (daily vs. weekly, oral vs. injectable) Cost and insurance... --- - Published: 2025-06-23 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/privacy-policy/ Who we are Effective Date: June 2025 ACGNG. org is committed to protecting your privacy. This policy explains what information we collect, how we use it, and your rights regarding your data. Information We Collect Non-personal data: Includes pages visited, time spent on site, browser type, and device information (via analytics tools). Voluntary information: When you contact us, subscribe to newsletters, or download materials, we may collect your name and email address. How We Use Your Information To improve our website and content relevance To respond to user inquiries and support requests To share educational updates, if opted in Cookies & Tracking We use cookies for site analytics and performance optimization. You can disable cookies through your browser settings. Data Sharing We do not sell, rent, or share your personal information with third parties, except: As required by law With service providers who help us operate the website (under strict confidentiality) Security We use standard security protocols (HTTPS, firewall, limited access) to safeguard any data collected. Your Rights You may request access, correction, or deletion of your data by emailing privacy@acgng. org You may unsubscribe from emails at any time via the provided link Children's Privacy ACGNG. org is not intended for children under 13. No personal information is knowingly collected from this group. Policy Updates We may revise this policy. Updates will be posted here with a revised effective date. --- - Published: 2025-06-23 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/contact/ We're Here to Help At the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG), we welcome your questions, suggestions, and feedback. Whether you're a patient, caregiver, healthcare professional, or researcher, your voice helps us improve our mission to provide the most accurate and accessible GLP-1 information possible. We value every message and aim to respond within 3–5 business days. Thank you for connecting with us and for being a part of the ACGNG community. Note: ACGNG is an educational initiative and does not offer medical advice or replace professional healthcare consultation. For personal medical guidance, always consult your healthcare provider. --- > Learn about the mission, vision, and purpose behind ACGNG, the leading independent resource for GLP-1 education and nutritional guidance in the United States. - Published: 2025-06-23 - Modified: 2025-06-23 - URL: https://acgng.org/about/ Table of Contents: Our Mission Our Vision Why We Exist What We Do Our Commitment to Scientific Integrity Who We Serve How We Maintain Independence 1. Our Mission The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) exists to empower individuals, caregivers, and healthcare professionals with reliable, evidence-based knowledge on GLP-1 receptor agonists and their role in weight loss, metabolic health, and wellness. Our goal is to bridge the gap between clinical science and everyday decisions by providing accessible, accurate, and unbiased information. 2. Our Vision We envision a world where individuals using GLP-1 medications—or exploring alternatives—have access to comprehensive educational tools, nutritional support, and wellness strategies that help them achieve long-term success in managing weight and improving health outcomes. 3. Why We Exist GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide and liraglutide are transforming the landscape of obesity and diabetes care. Yet, despite their growing popularity, there remains a significant gap in public understanding regarding how these medications work, what side effects may occur, what nutrients may be depleted, and how lifestyle changes can amplify their effectiveness. As interest in GLP-1 therapies grows, so too does the need for a clear, centralized, and unbiased source of information. ACGNG fills this gap by compiling the latest peer-reviewed research, clinical guidelines, and nutritional recommendations in one trustworthy platform. 4. What We Do Detailed explanations of how GLP-1 medications work Comparisons of active ingredients and therapeutic mechanisms Nutritional supplementation guidance for those on GLP-1 medications Lifestyle and behavioral recommendations to enhance treatment outcomes Special... --- > Discover the purpose and guiding principles of the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) and how we aim to support individuals on their journey toward healthier lives through science-based GLP-1 education. - Published: 2025-06-23 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/about/mission-and-vision/ Our Mission The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) empowers individuals, families, and healthcare professionals with accessible, evidence-based education about GLP-1 medications and related nutritional strategies. Our mission is to close the gap between clinical science and public understanding to support sustainable weight management, wellness, and metabolic health. Our Vision We envision a future where every individual using GLP-1 medications—or considering them—has access to trustworthy information and practical tools that promote long-term health, well-being, and informed decision-making. ACGNG seeks to become the leading public resource for GLP-1 education, setting a national standard for accuracy, independence, and relevance. Our Core Beliefs Access to clear, unbiased medical information is a public right. Nutritional education is vital for enhancing the effectiveness and safety of GLP-1 therapy. Science should be made understandable, actionable, and non-commercialized. Weight management is multifactorial—medications are one part of a larger puzzle that includes behavior, nutrition, and emotional health. What Makes ACGNG Unique Unlike commercial health platforms or branded pharmaceutical resources, ACGNG is independently operated and fully focused on educational clarity. We do not promote specific supplements or medications; instead, we focus on supporting people with accurate information rooted in research and clinical guidance. ACGNG is committed to serving the evolving needs of the GLP-1 community with integrity, empathy, and transparency. --- > ACGNG is an independent, non-commercial initiative dedicated to educating the public and healthcare community about GLP-1 therapies, weight management, and nutritional guidance. - Published: 2025-06-23 - Modified: 2025-06-24 - URL: https://acgng.org/about/organization-overview/ Who We Are The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG) is a nonprofit educational resource created to help individuals understand the role of GLP-1 receptor agonists in metabolic health and weight loss. We focus on making science accessible and actionable through clearly written, citation-based content. What We Do Provide science-backed articles on GLP-1 therapies and mechanisms Offer nutritional guidance for patients on appetite-suppressing medications Develop tools and calculators to support treatment success Publish comparative profiles of GLP-1 medications Create lifestyle education materials for individuals, families, and clinicians How We Operate ACGNG is operated independently of pharmaceutical or supplement companies. Our content is curated, written, and reviewed by individuals with backgrounds in clinical nutrition, pharmacology, public health, and evidence communication. Our Guiding Principles Transparency: All recommendations and claims are referenced with citations from peer-reviewed journals or official guidelines. Accessibility: Our goal is to write for clarity—making science understandable without oversimplifying it. Independence: We do not accept advertising or funding from companies with commercial interest in GLP-1 medications or supplements. Empowerment: We believe informed patients are better equipped to make sustainable health choices. Why It Matters As GLP-1 use continues to expand beyond diabetes care into obesity and general wellness, the need for an unbiased and centralized information resource becomes increasingly urgent. ACGNG helps fill that need—bridging the gap between the clinic and the public. ACGNG is committed to education, not promotion. Our mission is to support safe, effective, and sustainable use of GLP-1 medications through informed guidance and trusted science. --- - Published: 2025-06-20 - Modified: 2025-06-26 - URL: https://acgng.org/ At the American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance (ACGNG), we believe informed choices lead to healthier outcomes. Whether you're considering GLP-1 medications, currently using them, or navigating life after treatment, our mission is to provide credible, easy-to-understand information grounded in clinical science and real-world experience. What You’ll Find Here GLP-1 Basics: Learn what GLP-1 is, how it works, and the medications available today. Medication Guides: Compare treatments by active ingredient, understand side effects, and review eligibility. Lifestyle & Nutrition: Discover diet, exercise, and behavioral strategies that enhance GLP-1 therapy. Supplementation Guidance: Learn which vitamins and minerals may be important while on treatment. Youth & Pediatric Use: Access safe, age-specific information for adolescent and pediatric care. Research & News: Stay informed on the latest clinical trials, FDA approvals, and scientific updates. Healthcare Provider Tools: Clinical resources, CE opportunities, and printable downloads. Built for Everyone ACGNG is designed for: Patients and caregivers seeking clarity Clinicians and dietitians supporting GLP-1 users Parents of children prescribed GLP-1 medications Anyone navigating obesity or metabolic health with a focus on safe, sustainable change Get Started Explore key topics, find answers to common questions, and access tools tailored to your needs: What Is GLP-1? Supplement Support Compare Medications Tools & Calculators FAQ Looking for something specific? Use our search bar or Contact Us for personalized help. Disclaimer: The American Center for GLP-1 Nutritional Guidance is an educational resource. It does not endorse specific products or replace individual medical advice. --- --- ## Posts - Published: 2025-06-20 - Modified: 2025-06-20 - URL: https://52.72.227.135/2025/06/20/hello-world/ - Categories: Uncategorized Welcome to WordPress. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start writing! --- ---